His estimated IQ scores range from to by different measures. Renowned most of his life for his contributions to the natural sciences, Swedenborg had a spiritual awakening in his 50s and published what is now his most famous work — a description of the afterlife called "Heaven and Hell.
Highly regarded after his death by philosophers and mystics, Swedenborg claimed he could visit heaven and hell at will and that his ideas about spirituality, God, and Christ came to him in dreams and visions. Ettore Majorana was an Italian theoretical physicist who studied neutrino masses, electrically neutral subatomic particles that are created in nuclear reactions. He became a full professor of theoretical physics at the University of Naples one year before his mysterious disappearance during a boat trip from Palermo to Naples.
His body was never found. The Majorana equation and Majorana fermions are named after him, and in , the Majoran a Prize in theoretical physics was established in his memory.
Francois Marie Arouet, better known by his pen name Voltaire, was born in Paris in He was one of France's greatest writers and philosophers, known for his satirical genius and biting criticism of his country's noblemen. Throughout his life, Voltaire vigorously defended the distinction between natural science and philosophy. Many of his critical writings were directed against established philosophers such as Leibniz, Malebranche, and Descartes, according to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Often referred to as England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon," William Shakespeare had an estimated IQ of and is widely regarded as the greatest English-speaking writer and dramatist to have ever lived. Born during a lightning storm in , Nikola Tesla went on to invent the Tesla coil and alternating current machinery.
He had an intense rivalry with Thomas Edison throughout his life, and many of his projects were funded by JPMorgan, who would later become his business partner. The Serbian physicist died penniless in a New York City hotel room in Leonhard Euler was a Swiss mathematician and physicist.
Born in and educated in Basel, Euler spent most of his career in St. Petersburg and Berlin. Euler was one of the founders of pure mathematics and further developed the study of integral calculus. He authored " Introductio in Analysin Infinitorum ," and h is complete works fill about 90 volumes. He had a legendary memory and could recite the entire " Aeneid" word-for-word.
Galileo was an Italian natural philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician born in who developed such scientific concepts as circular inertia and the law of falling bodies. His discoveries with the Telescope undermined Aristotelian cosmology, particularly his findings that Venus goes through phases just as the Moon does and that Jupiter has four moons orbiting around it.
Towards the end of his life, the Church denounced him as a heretic due to his advocacy of Copernicus' heliocentric model of the universe. Considered to be the greatest German mathematician of the 19th century, Carl Gauss was a child prodigy who went on to contribute extensively to the fields of number theory, algebra, statistics, and analysis.
His writings were particularly influential in the study of electromagnetism. He refused to publish anything until it was absolutely perfect. Thomas Young was an English physician and physicist whose contributions to the fields of vision, light, physiology, and language led to many important discoveries in optics and human anatomy. He was also an Egyptologist who helped decipher the Rosetta Stone.
One of his most important discoveries was that the lens of the human eye changes shape to focus on objects at different distances, which ultimately led him to determine the cause of astigmatism. He was also the first to postulate how the eye perceives colors. William Sidis the inspiration for the film "Good Will Hunting" was an American child prodigy whose IQ scores range from to by different measures. He was accepted to Harvard at the age of 9, but the university wouldn't let him attend due to his "emotional immaturity.
Reporters followed him everywhere, and he eventually became a recluse, moving from city to city under different names, to avoid the spotlight.
He died at the age of 46 from a massive stroke. Gottfried Leibniz was a German philosopher and logician who is perhaps best well known for inventing differential and integral calculus. In , Leibniz founded a new formulation of the laws of motion known as dynamics, substituting kinetic energy for the conservation of movement.
His contributed extensively to the philosophy of language with his work on necessary and contingent truths, possible worlds, and the principle of sufficient reason. Copernicus was a Polish mathematician and astronomer whose discovery of the heliocentric model of the universe — in which the sun and not the earth is the center of our solar system — revolutionized the study of the cosmos.
The book remained on the list of forbidden reading material for nearly three centuries thereafter. Rudolf Clausius was a German physicist and mathematician best known for formulating the second law of thermodynamics. Clausius made thermodynamics a science, coined the term "entropy," and developed the kinetic theory of gases.
He was also one of the first scientists to suggest that molecules are made up of continually interchanging atoms , which later provided the basis for the theory of electrolytic dissociation the breakdown of molecules into charged atoms or ions. James Maxwell was a Scottish mathematical physicist who is best known for formulating the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation. Maxwell is credited with laying the foundations for quantum theory and was was revered by many, including Einstein.
Most famous for his law of gravitation, English physicist and mathematician Sir Isaac Newton was instrumental in the scientific revolution of the 17th century.
He wrote " Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica ," widely believed to be the most influential book on physics and possibly all of science. Although some of his assumptions were eventually proven wrong, Newton's universal principles of gravity had no parallels in science at the time.
A painter, sculptor, architect, musician, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer , botanist , and writer, Leonardo da Vinci was perhaps the most diversely talented person to have ever lived. He's one of the most celebrated painters in history, revered for his technological innovations such as flying machines, an armoured vehicle , concentrated solar power , and adding machines.
Da Vinci was a chronic procrastinator, though, and few of his designs were ever realized during his lifetime. Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist and philosopher of science whose estimated IQ scores range from to by different measures. Einstein articulated the principle of relativity and attempted to disprove quantum theory until he died in at the age of Considered by Einstein to be "the last man in the world to know everything," Goethe was a German polymath who founded the science of human chemistry and developed one of the earliest known theories of evolution.
He's considered one of the greatest figures in Western literature : his poetic drama, "Faust," is still widely read and studied today. For you. World globe An icon of the world globe, indicating different international options. Get the Insider App. Click here to learn more. A leading-edge research firm focused on digital transformation.
Good Subscriber Account active since Shortcuts. Account icon An icon in the shape of a person's head and shoulders. It often indicates a user profile.
Log out. US Markets Loading She's also the youngest person and the only Arab to ever attain such distinction. She's won many awards, including UN's Humanitarian award. One brilliant woman she is! Behold the best female chess prayer in history! Wow man, a year-old-theorem solved! This guy first makes landmark contributions in mathematics and then decides to leave it all together!
A member of Mega Society, a society of people with really high IQ, Sununu, a mechanical engineer, after spending years as the dean of engineering for Massachusetts-based Tufts University, he became the Governor of New Hampshire, and then moved on to the White House as the Chief of Staff! Quite a journey, except he had to step down because of alleged power abuse!
A former child prodigy, this British mathematician made headlines in after obtaining a bachelor's degree from Oxford University at 13 years of age! Can you believe it? Meet the reigning World Chess Champion, Carlsen, who's the youngest player to ever be ranked number one.
He was personally coached by chess icon Garry Kasparov until So far, he's won 7 chess Oscars and has been regarded as "the genius who'll only get better. So hear this. A rabbi's son, Kripke was invited to teach at Harvard when he was still in high school! You ask why? Well, as a teenager he wrote a series of papers that eventually transformed the study of modal logic!
He is also an award-winning logician and philosopher who has been ranked the seventh most important philosopher of the past two centuries. The first Israeli prime minister born in Israel after the establishment of the state, this guy is clearly a smart chap with an IQ that high! This Math prodigy won the bronze medal at the International Mathematical Olympiad when he was just 11! He was born in Australia, but is an Indian by origin and is the youngest person to study in the University of Western Australia!
Furthermore, he received his PHD at the age of 20 from Princeton. Clearly a brilliant mathematician! Say hello to this Canadian visual cognition and psycho-linguistics expert, who is currently a professor at Harvard.
And the man has much more to offer. Does he not look like a bald version of Sheldon Cooper? Well regardless, he is equally brilliant because only 1 in 30 million people match his intelligence level. Trying saying this in one breath and you'll know how smart he really is!
Born in , Iranian American physicist and entrepreneur Shahriar Afshar has won a number of awards for his groundbreaking inventions. Afshar is known for his Afshar experiment, which he conducted at Harvard University. The optical experiment investigates — and, according to Afshar, contradicts — the quantum mechanical principle of complementarity. Born in India in , Akshay Venkatesh is a mathematician and former child prodigy.
He was brought up in Australia and showed promise from a young age, earning a bronze medal at the International Physics Olympiad in , when he was just A year later he achieved another bronze medal at the International Mathematical Olympiad. In Venkatesh gained a first class honors degree in pure mathematics from the University of Western Australia, having been the youngest person to ever study at the university.
He then went on to obtain his Ph. He was a child prodigy, too, having apparently learned Ancient Hebrew on his own by the time he was six before quickly grasping complex mathematics and philosophical questions.
In Kripke published his hugely significant book Naming and Necessity , which discusses proper nouns within the context of the philosophy of language.
Kripke has also had a significant bearing on areas surrounding mathematical logic, the philosophy of mathematics, metaphysics and epistemology.
In he was awarded the esteemed Rolf Schock Prize. Furthermore, according to a poll, in which votes were cast by philosophers, Kripke ranked as the seventh most important philosopher of the past two centuries. In addition, he is a distinguished professor of philosophy at the City University of New York.
Another degree, this time in physics, followed in , and in she received her D. In she was made a junior fellow at Harvard. And after a stint at the University of Michigan, she took on an associate professorship there in Born in , Grigori Perelman is a highly influential, if somewhat eccentric, Russian mathematician.
However, the following year he reportedly quit mathematics to live with his mother in very modest circumstances in Saint Petersburg. In Perelman was honored with the esteemed Fields Medal for his work in furthering the understanding of geometry and particularly the Ricci flow, but he did not accept the award.
Why would I run to get a million, tell me? Andrew Wiles was born in Cambridge in Edward Witten is a scientist recognized for his research contributions to string theory, M-theory, quantum gravity and supersymmetry. Five years later he obtained a Ph. Although he is a physicist, Witten has had a major effect on mathematics, and he has a slew of awards to his name, including the Fields Medal, the Dirac Prize, the Albert Einstein Medal and the Nemmers Prize in Mathematics.
Hawking was born in ; and in , when he was 17 years old, he received a scholarship to read physics and chemistry at Oxford University. Diagnosed with motor neurone disease at the age of 21, Hawking became depressed and almost gave up on his studies.
Hawking is perhaps best known for his pioneering theories on black holes and his bestselling book A Brief History of Time. Find Your Degree! Featured or trusted partner programs and all school search, finder, or match results are for schools that compensate us. This compensation does not influence our school rankings, resource guides, or other editorially-independent information published on this site. Got it! AD SuperScholar. Marilyn vos Savant Marilyn vos Savant was born in in Missouri.
John H. Manahel Thabet In , aged 25, Yemeni economist and scientist Manahel Thabet became the youngest person to receive a financial engineering Ph. Richard Rosner U. Steven Pinker Canadian visual cognition and psycholinguistics expert Steven Pinker was born in Montreal in Garry Kasparov Born in in Baku, in what is now Azerbaijan, Garry Kasparov is arguably the most famous chess player of all time.
0コメント