Nevertheless, Saavedra Lamas and U. Secretary of State Cordell Hull reconciled some of their countries' basic differences at the Inter-American Conference held in Montevideo.
A long-smoldering Bolivian-Paraguayan boundary dispute led to the Gran Chaco War , which defied the peacemaking efforts of Latin American nations and the United States and enabled Saavedra Lamas to assert Argentina's influence in hemispheric affairs. After failing to terminate the conflict by relying upon the League of Nations conciliation machinery, he engineered a permanent truce in Several European and Latin American governments also honored him for contributions to peace.
At the Inter-American Conference in Buenos Aires, Saavedra Lamas sought to safeguard hemispheric security through the League of Nations, thereby opposing the United States efforts to strengthen the inter-American system. Although President Franklin Roosevelt attended the conference and made many concessions in the interests of promoting inter-American cooperation, Foreign Minister Saavedra Lamas remained basically unmoved. Apparently he foresaw little danger to Argentina in the rise of European dictators, although later he became friendlier toward the United States and supported the Allies after the outbreak of World War II.
Still, his policies helped to perpetuate the United States-Argentina estrangement. After leaving the Foreign Ministry in , Saavedra Lamas served at the National University as president and as a professor of economics He produced many books and articles on public education, economics, and international law. He died in Buenos Aires on May 5, Peterson in Argentina and the United States, In this post for six years, Saavedra Lamas brought international prestige to Argentina. He played an important role in every South American diplomatic issue of the middle thirties, induced Argentina to rejoin the League of Nations after an absence of thirteen years, and represented Argentina at virtually every international meeting of consequence during this period.
His work in ending the Chaco War between Paraguay and Bolivia had not only local significance but generalized international importance as well.
When he took over the foreign office, he immediately engaged in a series of moves to lay the diplomatic groundwork for a negotiated settlement of this dispute. In he initiated at Washington the Declaration of August 3 which put the American states on record as refusing to recognize any territorial change in the hemisphere brought about by force. Next, he drew up a Treaty of Nonaggression and Conciliation which was signed by six South American countries in October, , and by all of the American countries at the Seventh Pan-American Conference at Montevideo two months later.
In he organized mediation by six neutral American nations which resulted in the cessation of hostilities between Paraguay and Bolivia. Meanwhile, in , Saavedra Lamas presented the South American Antiwar Pact to the League of Nations where it was well received and signed by eleven countries.
Acclaimed for all of these efforts, he was elected president of the Assembly of the League of Nations in After his retirement from the foreign ministry in , Saavedra Lamas returned to academic life, became president of the University of Buenos Aires for two years , and rounded out his career as a professor for an additional three years Saavedra Lamas was known as a disciplinarian in his office, a logician at the conference table, a charming host in his home or his art gallery, a man of sartorial elegance who wore, it is said, the highest collars in Buenos Aires.
It was later edited and republished in Nobel Lectures. To cite this document, always state the source as shown above. He died in at the age of eighty from the effects of a brain hemorrhage.
Obituary, New York Times May 6, Buenos Aires, Saavedra Lamas, Carlos, ed. Buenos Aires, Imprenta de la Universidad, Rosso, Saavedra Lamas, Carlos, La Crise de la codification et de la doctrine argentine de droit international. Paris, Washington, D. Saavedra Lamas, Carlos, Por la paz de las Americas.
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